Java tutorial-Introduction to JAVA

 Introduction to Java:-

JAVA was developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems Inc in the year 1995, later acquired by Oracle Corporation. It is a simple programming language. Java makes writing, compiling, and debugging programming easy. It helps to create reusable code and modular programs.

Java is a class-based, object-oriented programming language and is designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. A general-purpose programming language made for developers to write once run anywhere that is compiled Java code can run on all platforms that support Java. Java applications are compiled to byte code that can run on any Java Virtual Machine. The syntax of Java is similar to c/c++.

History of Java 

Java’s history is very interesting. It is a programming language created in 1991. James Gosling, Mike Sheridan, and Patrick Naughton, a team of Sun engineers known as the Green team initiated the Java language in 1991. Sun Microsystems released its first public implementation in 1996 as Java 1.0. It provides no-cost -run-times on popular platforms. Java1.0 compiler was re-written in Java by Arthur Van Hoff to strictly comply with its specifications. With the arrival of Java 2, new versions had multiple configurations built for different types of platforms.

In 1997, Sun Microsystems approached the ISO standards body and later formalized Java, but it soon withdrew from the process. At one time, Sun made most of its Java implementations available without charge, despite their proprietary software status. Sun generated revenue from Java through the selling of licenses for specialized products such as the Java Enterprise System.

On November 13, 2006, Sun released much of its Java virtual machine as free, open-source software. On May 8, 2007, Sun finished the process, making all of its JVM’s core code available under open-source distribution terms.

The principles for creating java were simple, robust, secured, high performance, portable, multi-threaded, interpreted, dynamic, etc. In 1995 Java was developed by James Gosling, who is known as the Father of Java. Currently, Java is used in mobile devices, internet programming, games, e-business, etc.

 Introduction to Java:-

       Java is a high level programming language.

 Java was originally developed by James Gosling at sun microsystems, in 1991, later acquired by Oracle corporation. Jawellers on various platforms like a windows, Mac OS, and Unix.

 Java is a guaranteed to be write once, run anywhere.

Java can be used for large number of things including software development, mobile application, & large systems development.

 java is an object oriented programming language with its runtime environment.

Java is a combination of features of c and C ++ with the same initial additional concepts or features.

Why Use Java?

• JAVA is easy to learn and simple to use
• Java is open-source and free
• As Java is close to C++ and C#, it makes it easy for programmers to switch to Java or vice versa

• Java works on different platforms (Windows, Mac, Linux, Raspberry Pi, etc.)
• JAVA is one of the most popular programming language in the world

• Java is secure, fast and powerful
• Java has a huge community support (tens of millions of developers)
• Java is an object oriented language which gives a clear structure to programs and allows code to be reused, lowering development costs

The latest version of Java is Java 14 for JDK 14 released on March, 17th 2020.

Following table shows all Java versions

     

Java SE Version	Version Number	Release Date
JDK 1.0 (Oak)	1.0	January 1996
JDK 1.1	1.1	February 1997
J2SE 1.2 (Playground)	1.2	December 1998
J2SE 1.3 (Kestrel)	1.3	May 2000
J2SE 1.4 (Merlin)	1.4	February 2002
J2SE 5.0 (Tiger)	1.5	September 2004
Java SE 6 (Mustang)	1.6	December 2006
Java SE 7 (Dolphin)	1.7	July 2011
Java SE 8	1.8	March 2014
Java SE 9	9	September, 21st 2017
Java SE 10	10	March, 20th 2018
Java SE 11	11	September, 25th 2018
Java SE 12	12	March, 19th 2019
Java SE 13	13	September, 17th 2019
Java SE 14	14	March, 17th 2

Following is a simple java program

   Print hello world using Java

public class MyFirstJavaProject

 { 

/* This is my first java project. * This will print 'Hello World' as the output */

 public static void main(String []args) { 

System.out.println("Hello World");

 // prints Hello World

 }

 }

Why to Learn java Programming?

• Java is a MUST for students and working professionals to become a great Software Engineer specially when they are working in Software Development Domain. I will list down some of the key advantages of learning Java Programming:

• Object Oriented − In Java, everything is an Object. Java can be easily extended since it is based on the Object model.

• Platform Independent − Unlike many other programming languages including C and C++, when Java is compiled, it is not compiled into platform specific machine, rather into platform independent byte code. This byte code is distributed over the web and interpreted by the Virtual Machine (JVM) on whichever platform it is being run on.

• Simple − Java is designed to be easy to learn. If you understand the basic concept of OOP Java, it would be easy to master.

• Secure − With Java's secure feature it enables to develop virus-free, tamper-free systems. Authentication techniques are based on public-key encryption.

• Architecture-neutral − Java compiler generates an architecture-neutral object file format, which makes the compiled code executable on many processors, with the presence of Java runtime system.

• Portable − Being architecture-neutral and having no implementation dependent aspects of the specification makes Java portable. Compiler in Java is written in ANSI C with a clean portability boundary, which is a POSIX subset.

• Robust − Java makes an effort to eliminate error prone situations by emphasizing mainly on compile time error checking and runtime checking.